Area and Length of Complex Shapes

A circle of radius $2$ is centered at $A$. An equilateral triangle with side $4$ has a vertex at $A$. What is the difference between the area of the region that lies inside the circle but outside the triangle and the area of the region that lies inside the triangle but outside the circle?

A regular hexagon has side length $6$. Congruent arcs with radius $3$ are drawn with the center at each of the vertices, creating circular sectors as shown. The region inside the hexagon but outside the sectors is shaded as shown. What is the area of the shaded region?

As shown in the figure below, six semicircles lie in the interior of a regular hexagon with side length $2$ so that the diameters of the semicircles coincide with the sides of the hexagon. What is the area of the shaded region — inside the hexagon but outside all of the semicircles?

The figure shown is called a trefoil and is constructed by drawing circular sectors about the sides of the congruent equilateral triangles. What is the area of a trefoil whose horizontal base has length $2$?

A square of side length $1$ and a circle of radius $\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{3}$ share the same center. What is the area inside the circle, but outside the square?

An equilateral triangle has side length $6$. What is the area of the region containing all points that are outside the triangle but not more than $3$ units from a point of the triangle?

A semicircle of diameter $1$ sits at the top of a semicircle of diameter $2$, as shown. The shaded area inside the smaller semicircle and outside the larger semicircle is called a lune. Determine the area of this lune.

A circle of radius $1$ is internally tangent to two circles of radius $2$ at points $A$ and $B$, where $\overline{AB}$ is a diameter of the smaller circle. What is the area of the region, shaded in the picture, that is outside the smaller circle and inside each of the two larger circles?

A circle of radius $2$ is centered at $O$. Square $OABC$ has side length $1$. Sides $\overline{AB}$ and $\overline{CB}$ are extended past $B$ to meet the circle at $D$ and $E$, respectively. What is the area of the shaded region in the figure, which is bounded by $\overline{BD}$, $\overline{BE}$, and the minor arc connecting $D$ and $E$?

Triangle $ABC$ has $AC = 3$, $BC = 4$, and $AB = 5$. Point $D$ is on $\overline{AB}$, and $\overline{CD}$ bisects the right angle. The inscribed circles of $\triangle ADC$ and $\triangle BCD$ have radii $r_a$ and $r_b$, respectively. What is $r_a/r_b$?

Square $ABCD$ has side length $2$. A semicircle with diameter $\overline{AB}$ is constructed inside the square, and the tangent to the semicircle from $C$ intersects side $\overline{AD}$ at $E$. What is the length of $\overline{CE}$?

A circle with center $O$ has area $156\pi$. Triangle $ABC$ is equilateral, $\overline{BC}$ is a chord on the circle, $OA = 4\sqrt{3}$, and point $O$ is outside $\triangle ABC$. What is the side length of $\triangle ABC$?

A paint brush is swept along both diagonals of a square to produce the symmetric painted area, as shown. Half the area of the square is painted. What is the ratio of the side length of the square to the brush width?

The closed curve in the figure is made up of $9$ congruent circular arcs each of length $\dfrac{2\pi}{3}$, where each of the centers of the corresponding circles is among the vertices of a regular hexagon of side $2$. What is the area enclosed by the curve?

Squares $S_1$ and $S_2$ are inscribed in right triangle $ABC$, as shown in the figures below. Find $AC + CB$ if area$(S_1) = 441$ and area$(S_2) = 440$.

Convex quadrilateral $ABCD$ has $AB = 3$, $BC = 4$, $CD = 13$, $AD = 12$, and $\angle ABC = 90^\circ$, as shown. What is the area of the quadrilateral?

Regular octagon $ABCDEFGH$ has area $n$. Let $m$ be the area of quadrilateral $ACEG$. What is $\dfrac{m}{n}$?

A rectangle has sides of length $a$ and $36$. A hinge is installed at each vertex of the rectangle, and at the midpoint of each side of length $36$. The sides of length $a$ can be pressed toward each other keeping those two sides parallel so the rectangle becomes a convex hexagon as shown. When the figure is a hexagon with the sides of length $a$ parallel and separated by a distance of $24$, the hexagon has the same area as the original rectangle. Find $a^2$.

$ABCD$ is a rectangular sheet of paper that has been folded so that corner $B$ is matched with point $B'$ on edge $AD$. The crease is $EF$, where $E$ is on $AB$ and $F$ is on $CD$. The dimensions $AE = 8$, $BE = 17$, and $CF = 3$ are given. The perimeter of rectangle $ABCD$ is $m/n$, where $m$ and $n$ are relatively prime positive integers. Find $m + n$.

Sides $\overline{AB}$ and $\overline{AC}$ of equilateral triangle $ABC$ are tangent to a circle at points $B$ and $C$ respectively. What fraction of the area of $\triangle ABC$ lies outside the circle?

On each side of a unit square, an equilateral triangle of side length $1$ is constructed. On each new side of each equilateral triangle, another equilateral triangle of side length $1$ is constructed. The interiors of the square and the $12$ triangles have no points in common. Let $R$ be the region formed by the union of the square and all the triangles, and $S$ be the smallest convex polygon that contains $R$. What is the area of the region that is inside $S$ but outside $R$?

Vertex $E$ of equilateral $\triangle ABE$ is in the interior of unit square $ABCD$. Let $R$ be the region consisting of all points inside $ABCD$ and outside $\triangle ABE$ whose distance from $\overline{AD}$ is between $\frac13$ and $\frac23$. What is the area of $R$?

Two circles lie outside regular hexagon $ABCDEF$. The first is tangent to $\overline{AB}$, and the second is tangent to $\overline{DE}$. Both are tangent to lines $BC$ and $FA$. What is the ratio of the area of the second circle to that of the first circle?

Circles centered at $A$ and $B$ each have radius $2$, as shown. Point $O$ is the midpoint of $\overline{AB}$, and $OA = 2\sqrt{2}$. Segments $\overline{OC}$ and $\overline{OD}$ are tangent to the circles centered at $A$ and $B$, respectively, and $\overline{EF}$ is a common tangent. What is the area of the shaded region $ECODF$?

A unit square is rotated $45^\circ$ about its center. What is the area of the region swept out by the interior of the square?

Sides $\overline{AB}$ and $\overline{AC}$ of equilateral triangle $ABC$ are tangent to a circle at points $B$ and $C$ respectively. What fraction of the area of $\triangle ABC$ lies outside the circle?

Circles $\omega_1$, $\omega_2$, and $\omega_3$ each have radius $4$ and are placed in the plane so that each circle is externally tangent to the other two. Points $P_1$, $P_2$, and $P_3$ lie on $\omega_1$, $\omega_2$, and $\omega_3$ respectively such that $P_1P_2 = P_2P_3 = P_3P_1$ and line $P_iP_{i+1}$ is tangent to $\omega_i$ for each $i = 1, 2, 3$, where $P_4 = P_1$. See the figure below. The area of $\triangle P_1P_2P_3$ can be written in the form $\sqrt{a} + \sqrt{b}$ for positive integers $a$ and $b$. What is $a + b$?